Fine-fuel furnace.



N0. 698,!90. Patented Apr. 22, 1902.

W. H. FENNER. A

FINE FUEL FURNACE.

(Application filed June 4, 1900.) (No Model.)

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No. e9a,|9o. Patented Apr. 22, I902.

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FINE FUEL FURNACE.

(Application filed June 4, 1900.)

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(No Model.)

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W. H. FENNER.

'FINE FUEL FURNACE.

No. 698,l90. Patented Apr. 22,1902.

(Application filed June 4, 1900.\

(No Model.) 8 SheetsSheet 3.

'No. s9a,|90. Patented Apr. 22, I902.

w. H. FENNER.

FINE FUEL FURNACE,

. Application filed June 4, 1900.)

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(mi Model.)

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Patente'd Apr. 22,1902. W. H.- FENNER. FINE FUEL FURNACE.

(Application filed June 4, 1900.\

(No Model.

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W. H. FENNER.

FINE .FUEL FURNACE.

(Application filed June 4, 1900.) A (No Model.) I 8 Sheets-Sheet 6.

(Application filed. June 4, 1900.)

(No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 7.

Patented Apr. 22, mp2.

Patented Apr; 22, I902.

w. H. FENNER. FINE FUEL FURNACE.

(Application filed June 4, 1900.)

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(No Model.)

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NITEJ STATES v FlNE-FU EL :FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 698,190, dated April 22, 1902.

Application filed J'une 4,-1900- Serial No. 18.991. (No model.)

divided state, some such furnaces being especially designed for consuming pulverized soft coal, although most of them known to me have been especially designed for consuming pulverized hard or anthracite coal. Many objections to this class of furnaces have developed in practice, chief among which is the lack of economy in the use of fuel, due partly to the blasting of the fuel through'the furnace before it has opportunity to be consumed and partly to imperfect combustion and consequent partial consumption, due to the failure in supplying the proper amount of oxygen to support theoretically perfect combustion. While many prior patentees have claimed to get the nearest possible approach to theoretically perfect combustion by means of the apparatus devised by them, none of such apparatus, so far as I am aware, is capable of meeting the requirements to get the result aimed at, because none of them are capable of perfectly regulating the proportions of the fuel and air supplied to the furnace and especially are incapable of such Variation of the proportions of the fuel and the air as to adapt the furnace for consum ing different kinds of coal, whether hard or soft. Furthermore, so far as I am aware, all such prior furnaces have constituted a part of the boiler-setting in the manner customary with ordinary coal-furnaces, and notwithstanding some of such prior furnaces have been provided with tortuous passages by means of bridge-walls and arches nevertheless the complete combustion in such furnaces does not take place until the products of combustion are practicallyin contact with the boiler-fines, and as practically no combustion can, initiate in the fines, because of the absence of oxygen, a considerable quantity of the fuel is of necessity blown out of the furnace and wasted in a partially or wholly unconsumed state.

The primary object of my invention is to have the supply of air and fuel to the furnace so controlled that the proportions thereof may not only be regulated so as to insure the nearest approach to theoretically perfect combustion, but they may be also varied so as to obtain substantially the same conditions of so-called perfect combustion with various kinds of coal, Whether hard or soft,

Another object is to have the supply of air and fuel capable of such control and adjustment that the fuel and its proper admixture of air'may: be fed to the furnace simultaneo'usly from a plurality of jets or twyers or successively therefrom and at such intervals as maybe desired to produce the best results, thereby enabling the production of a cyclonic 'orpulsating action of the blast in the furnace, insuring the thorough mixing of the air and fuel, as well as aiding in retarding the escape of the products of combustion from the furnace. It is obvious that this cyclonic or pulsating action in the combustion-chamber will be created and a direct current through the combustion-chamber retarded or prevented by this intermittentlyrecurring discharge of air or other fluid fuel element into the combustion-chamber.

A further object is to have the furnace separate and independent from the boiler and boiler-setting, whereby it may be applied to and used in connection with different boilers and with boilers of either the stationary or marine type.

A further object is to utilize the furnace proper as a feed-Water heater for the boiler.

A further object isto have the initial combustion take place in thefurnace under pressure and the products of combustion deliv' ered therefrom through a contracted discharge-opening in the form of burning gases directly to the boiler tubes, whereby the greatest efliciency in heating is assuredand a condition of practically perfect combustion established before the products of coinbustion escape from the furnace and are delivered to the boiler.

A still further object of my invention is to have the furnace hermetically sealed and to introduce the proper admixture of pulverized fuel and air therein under a pressure of several atmospheres, to compel the burning gases to traverse a tortuous passage through the furnace, so as to retard their exit and establish practically perfect combustion, and to discharge the products of combustion from the furnace through a narrow or contracted passage into expansive chambers where the burning gases will come in contact with the objects to be heated, such as the fines of a boiler, through or around which the gases will pass.

These and such other objects as may hereinafter appear are attained by the devices illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l is a front elevation of a furnace embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a detail perspective View ofthe slide-valve. Fig. 3 is a central longitudinal section through the furnace. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section thereof. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of one of the twyers. Fig. 6 is a vertical section through the fuel-hopper, showing the valves in elevation. Fig. 7 is a transverse section on the line 7 7 of Fig. 6. Figs. 8, 9, and 10 are views similar to Fig. 7, but taken, respectively, on the lines 8 S, 9 9, and 10 10 of Fig. 6. Fig. 11 is a transverse vertical section through the lower portion of the fuel-hopper and air-chest, showing the respective valves thereof in elevation. Fig. 12 is an end view of the lower portions of the fuel-hopper and air-chest, more clearly showing the gears for operating the valves. Fig. 13 is a longitudinal section through the air-chest, taken on the line 13 13 of Fig. 14, but showing the valves in elevation. Fig. 14: is a transverse vertical section through the air-chest. Fig. 15 is a horizontal section through the airchest, taken on the line 15 15 of Fig. 1i, but showing the valves in elevation. Fig. 16 is a horizontal section on the line 16 16 of Fig. 1a looking in the direction indicated by the arrows. Fig. 17 is a perspective view showing a furnace embodying my invention as applied to a marine boiler. Fig. 18 is a sectional elevation showing a furnace embodying my invention as applied to an ordinary type of stationary boiler; and Fig. 19 is a vertical section through a locomotive lire-box, showing my invention applied thereto.

Similar letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several figures of the drawings.

I may here state that the particular shape and construction of a furnace embodying my invention is not material, so long as the furnace is hermetically sealed as against the admission of air at any point but the twyers, although, of course, the furnace may be supplied with hand-holes or doors through which access to the interior of the furnace may be gained for the purpose of cleaning and repairing it.

Referring now to the accompanying drawings, A indicates a furnace, which is preferably rectangular both in longitudinal and transverse section and preferably constructed of boiler-iron or some similar thick metal that will withstand the heat to which the furnace is subjected, although in practice, so far as the broad idea of my invention is concerned, the furnace may be principally composed of fire-brick. I prefer, however, to have it composed of boiler-iron with suitablyriveted end plates, so that the side, end, and top walls thereof may be double, as clearly shown in Figs. 3 and 4, to provide a waterspace therebetweeu which not only serves to prevent early destruction of the inner walls of the furnace, but also enables the use of the furnace as a feed-water heater. The space between the side, end, and top walls and the bottom walls too, if desired, may be kept constantly full of water.

Preferably at the front end of the furnace and at any desired elevation is located an airchest 13 and a fuel-hopper O, the latter being connected by pipes D, of which there may be any desired number, with the interior of the furnace at the bottom thereof, as clearly shown in Fig. 3. The air-chest is connected with each of the pipes D by a series of pipes E, corresponding in number with the pipes D, which pipes E may also be provided, if desired, with branch pipes F, leading to the interior of the furnace at a point farther along than that at which the pipes D connect there with, for the purpose of enriching the combustion-chamber with oxygen if it should prove desirable or necessary with certain kinds of coal.

The furnace-interior is preferably divided by the walls G and the arches H into a tortuous passage, the last wall I toward the dis charge end of the furnace, if desired, being made into checker-work, so as to cooperate with the walls G and arches II in retarding the products of combustion through the furnace, the walls Gr rising from the iloor of the furnace, while the arches If depend from thetop thereof. The fuel and air supply enters the furnace by the pipes D forward of the front wall G-that is, between said wall and the front end of the fnrnace and hence the products ofcombustion in passing through the furnace must pass successively over the walls G and under the arches II until they reach the rear end of the furnace, whence they are discharged through the contracted opening J into the ordinary fire-box or into the fines of an ordinary boiler. To disseminate as effectively as possible the fuel and its admixture of atmospheric air, which supports combustion, the ends of the pipes D where they enter the furnace are widened and provided with the twyers K, which preferably have the general outlines of a flattened funnel, as plainly shown in Fig. 5, so that the discharges from the various twyers cross and intersect each other at their point of entrance in the furnace, and thustend to most effect- IIO ively promote and insure not only thorough intermixing of the fuel and air, but also a cyclonic action of the currents of air and fuel as they enter the furnace, which thus prevents the setting up of any direct current through the furnace from end to end, which would cause a rapid passage of the fuel and burning gases through and out of the furnace before proper consumption thereof and which would also interfere with and to a great extent prevent a proper admixture of the pulverized'fuel and air, such as is necessary to produce practically perfect combustion. The all important and controlling element, however, in furnaces of this class is a proper proportioning of the supply of air to the supply of pulverized fuel, so that just the right quantity of oxygen will be supplied to the fuel to support practically perfect combustionthat is, the nearest possible approach to theoretically perfect combustion. This difficultyis encountered with each change of fuel and even with atmospheric 7 changes or wind conditions, and while many arrangements have heretofore been proposed for varying these proportions to fit the varying requirementsI am not aware that any of such arrangements have ever been proposed that will produce the desired result. By my invention, however, I have attained this desirable result by providing the fuel-hopper andthe air-chest with intermittently-operatingcontrolling-valves, whereby the proportions between the fuel and the air may be varied at will and adjusted to fit any conditions either of the atmosphere or of the different kinds of fuel employed, and when once adjusted the proportions will be automatically maintained as long as desired These valves are arranged to intermittently operate at normally recurring intervals as distinguished from those valves in the artwhich operate at irregular intervals under abnormal or irregularly recurring conditions, such as valves which shut off the fuel-supply whenever the boiler-pressure exceeds any predetermined point. In my device whenever the mechanism is infull operation these valves will operate intermittently as a necessary feature of the normal operation of the device. To this end I have provided, first, a series of discharge-ports in the bottom of the fuel-hopper C with aslide-valve L, by means of which the size of the discharge-openings may be varied at will, and thus more or less fuel be permitted to pass from the hopper into the feedchambersM below the same, from whence the fuel is discharged into the pipes D and from thence fed to the furnace. The feed-chambers may be of any desired number, according to the size of the furnace, and in each chamber is located a valve which alternately opens to admit fuel into said chamber from the hopper and to discharge said fuel from the chamber to its corresponding pipe D. In the drawings and particularly in Figs. G te 15, inclusive, I have shown four of these feed chambers and a corresponding number of valves, which for convenience I will number 1, 2, 3, and 4. These valves are of the rotary type and are fixedly mounted upon a shaft N,

series of rotary Valves 5, 6, 7, and 8, corresponding in number and in operation with the valves 1, 2, 3, and 4t of the fuel-hopper. All of these valves are designed to be adj ustable upon their respective shafts in any of the well-known ways that will readily suggest themselves to one skilled in the art, so that the valves may be set to operate simultaneously in each series or in both series or successively and at such intervals as maybe deemed best to produce the best results in combustion.

I, prefer that the fuel-valves and their corresponding air-valves should act successively and at such speed as will produce the best results, so that the discharge therefrom intothe furnace will be successive and at difierent points across the front of the furnace, so that no regular or steady current may be set up in the furnace that would tend to swiftly carry the products of combustion through and out of the furnace without proper opportunity for the thorough combustion of all of the fuel. Indeed, such successive introduction of the jets of combustible fuel and air will establish in the furnace a cyclonic. action that will not only tend to retard the escape of the products of combustion from the furnace, but will thoroughly intermix the air with the fuel and break up the currents in such manner,

that practically complete combustion of the fuel will take place before the products of combustion leave the furnace. To this end and as illustrative of the preferred manner of using the furnace I have shown the valves, both for the fuel and the air, set upon quarters,- so that as one valve ceases to supply fuel andair the other commences. Thus it will be seen that the valve 1, with itsfeed-pocket .S uppermost, is open, so as to permit the charging of its feed-chamber M from the feed-hopper,'although no fuelcan escape therefrom. The valve 2 is on the first quarter and is so turned that its chamber, whichhas received its full charge of fuel, is cutoff from both the fuel-hopper and the discharge-pipe D, leading to the furnace. The valve 3, however, is on the second quarter and is wide open, so as to permit the discharge of the fuel from its feed- I chamber M to the furnace, while it is cut off.

from the fuel-hopper. The valve 4;, which is on the fourth quarter, has discharged, the contents of its chamber M and is now out ofi from both the fuel-hopper and the furnace. All

ICO

four valves being upon the same shaft, their operation is simultaneous, and While the valve 3 is completing its discharge into the furnace the valve 2 will commence operation, which will be completed by the time the valve 3 is closed, and during the discharge of the valve 2 the valve 1 will complete its operation, while in the meantime the valve 4:, which has opened 'to receive a fresh charge from the fuel-hoppipes E simultaneously with the passage of the fuel from the corresponding valves of the feed-chambers, the duration of the air-blast being so proportioned to the time of discharge of the fuel as to supply the desired and proper proportion of air with each charge of fuel. In practice I find it preferable to adjust the air-valves so that each valve will open shortly after the opening of its corresponding fuelvalve instead of being arranged exactly synchronous therewith. By this arrangement the air for each charge is not admitted to the full-supply pipe until after the fuel has passed the junction between the fuel-pipe and its corresponding air-supply pipe, so that the expansive force of the air in each charge is exerted primarily behind the fuel for such charge. The ducts leading from the air-chest, as shown more clearly in Figs. 13 and 14, are also provided with a slide-valve T, by means of which the size of the discharge-opening from said valves may be readily and simultaneously varied, thus providing for an exact proportioning of the air to the fuel according to the requirements of the particular kind of fuel being used. The proportioning may be further refined by a proper variation of the speed of rotation of the valves as well as by the pressure of the air in the chest, and by changing the gears P and Q, so as to vary the speed of rotation of the shafts N and R, carrying the airand fuel valves, the proportions of air and fuel fed to the furnace may be varied and regulated with certainty.

In Fig. 3 I have shown the auxiliary pipe F, leading from the air-pipes E to a point in the furnace beyond that at which the fuel is fed in, as supplied with valves U, by means of which the products of combustion may be enriched with oxygen, if it should be found necessary under certain conditions or with different kinds of fuel, although generally the complete control over the supply of air and fuel afforded by the supply-valves will be ample to secure the desired proportions of air and fuel to produce practically perfect combustion.

Another important feature of my invention is the tortuous passage through the furnace, taken in connection with the supply-valves, which serves to so retard the products of combustion that practically all of the fuel will be reduced to the form of a burning gas before it is discharged from the furnace, and notwithstanding that the combustible mixture is delivered to the furnace under pressure, which preferably equals several atmospheres, for as the only supply of oxygen to support combustion comes through the fuel-feed pipe and the discharge-opening from the furnace is contracted or restricted the pressure in the furnace, as well as the rapidity of the cur rent therethrough, may be readily controlled and regulated to produce the best results. Furthermore, by havingthe furnace provided with double walls it is made capable of subserving the purpose of a feed-water heater, and if located below the water-line of the boiler and in open communication therewith it will not only make steam, which forms in the boiler during the initial combustion in the furnace, but such steam-producing capacity will be increased to the maximum by the subsequent discharge of the products of co mbustion around or through the boiler-tubes, thus utilizing to the fullest extent the heat units in the fuel.

As before stated, it is one of the objects of my invention to not only utilize the furnace as a feed-water heater, but to also have it separate and independent from the boiler and its setting, taking the place of the ordinary fire-box of a boiler, producing the initial combustion therein and discharging into the ordinary fire-box of a boiler of any kind the burning gases forfurther heating the boiler. To this end it is preferable to have the fur nace mounted upon the wheels V, as shown in the drawings, so that it may be readily portable to and from the furnace, being retained in juxtaposition to the furnace while in use in connection therewith in any suitable manner, such as by the links \V. (Shown in Fig. 18.)

In Fig. 17 I have shown my furnace as applied to a common type of marine boiler, the discharge-spout J of the furnace simply projecting into the ordinary fire-box of the marine boiler, so as to discharge therein the burning products of combustion, which will act upon the water-tubes in like manner to a fire in the fire-box, the furnace in this instance being also preferably connected, as by the pipe X, with the boiler, so as to act as a feed-water heater therefor.

, In Fig. 18 the furnace is shown in connection with an ordinary stationary boiler, the products of combustion in this instance being discharged into the relatively large the box of the boiler and passing back to the rear end of the boiler and thence forward through the fines in the usual manner.

- the steam-pressure.

In this construction the pipe Yserves to connect the furnace with the boiler, so asto enable its use as a feed-water heater in connection therewith.

In Fig. 191 have shown my furnace as directly applied to and incorporated with the construction of a locomotive, the furnace taking the place of the ordinary fire-box and the usual tubes subserving the purpose of the contracted discharge-port J in the previouslydescribed construction.

My invention will be found'to be of particular value in connection with marine boilers, because the fuel and air supplies therefor may be located at a considerable elevation above the boilers and furnace, so that in case of acpletely submerged. Furthermore, in case of injury to the furnace of any kind resulting from any cause it maybe quickly and conveniently rolled to one side and another furnace substituted therefor with comparatively small loss of time or a material reduction in Thus valuable sailing time for a vesselwill be saved, and, indeed, where the furnace isused inconnection with a stationary boiler the shutting down of the plant to repair the furnace may be avoided in the same way.

In practice it will be advantageous to provide the feed-pipes D with butterfly or check valves to overcome the effect of back pressure either when the feed in said pipe is arrested or in the event of an explosion of the gases in the furnace, the application of such a valve being so simple and well understood in the art that I have deemed it best not to complicate the drawings by illustrating the same. In practice it may also be founddesirable to mix gas of some suitable kind with the air supplied from the air-chest-that is, some gas that will enrich the air, so as to promote combustion. It will also be found that in practice the fuel and air feed devices may be employed in connection witha permanent furnace-setting instead of theportable .and movable furnace illustrated in the drawings, an example of such use being afforded by the construction shown in Fig. 19, where the furnace is in reality a locomotive fire-box. By analogy, therefore, the furnace may form a permanent part of either a stationary or a marine boiler setting. It is further obvious that the fuel and air feeding devices controlled and operated substantially as herein shown and described may be used in conj unction with other forms of furnace-settings than those herein shown and described, although the best results will be obtained by the use of such devices in connection witha hermetically-sealed furnace having the tortuous pas- I sage and contracted discharge-opening, such as is herein illustrated and described. In-

deed, I am aware that many changes and modifications in the construction and arrangement measured as accurately as the fuel, and each charge of fuel should be accompanied by'a charge of air accurately measured, so as to support as nearly as possible theoretically perfect combustion of the fuel when discharged into the furnace. This result I accomplish by having the fuel-valves and the air valves intermittently operating, as it would be impossible to either measure or proportion the fuel or air if the valves controlling the supply of fuel and air were continuously open or the fuel or air were continuously fed through a valve adjustable only as to the quantity of fuel or air fed thereby. In the preferred embodiment of my invention the valves controlling, the supply of fuel and air are not only intermittently operating, soas to deliver the fuel and. air in successive jets or accurately-measured charges, but they are also adjustable in such manner as that the rapidity with which the charges are fed to the furnace, as well as the amount or quantity fed at each opening of the intermittently-operating valves, may be adjusted with suchaccuracy and nicety as to meet all of the varying conditions encountered in burning the different kinds of fine fuel; also, by these means the quantity of air in each measured charge may be varied without varying the pressure or velocity at which such charge of air is supplied to the furnace.

Whenever the volume of air constituting a charge of air is admitted to an air-supply pipe, the corresponding airvalve is closed and remains closed for a definite interval. In this respect my device differs from all devices in which a normally continuous flow of airto the furnace is varied bymeans of irregularly-operatin g control-valves.

The process of combustion which has been .describedin this specification is the subject of another copending application filed by me July 31, 1901, Serial No. 70,347.

. Having thus described myinvention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is i g a 1. The combination with a fine-fuel furnace, of means for supplying thereto in suspension and in rapid-succession measured charges of air and fuel combined, substan tially as described.

2. The combination with a fine-fuelfurnace, of means for supplying thereto insuspension successive charges of air and-fuel combined, said-means comprising a chamber between the furnace and the source of fuelsupply,within which chamber the air and fuel are combined, substantially as described.

The combination with a fine-fuel furnace of means for supplying thereto air and fuel in successive measured charges, said means being adjustable so as to vary the quantity of air and fuel contained in each charge, substantially as described.

l. The combination with a fine-fuel furnace, of a series of valved fuel-supply pipes, a series of valved air-supply pipes, each of said series connecting their respective sources of supply with the furnace, and means for causing. the supply-pipes of each series to operate successively and intermittently, substantially as described.

5. In a fine-fuel furnace, the combination with a combustion-chamber, of means for feeding the blasts of fine fuel upwardly to a zone of combustion therein and in rapid succession, substantially as described.

6. The combination with a fine-fuel furnace, a fueldiopper and an air-chest, of series of valved pipes connecting said hopper and chest respectively with the furnace, and means for supplying air and fuel to the furnace through said series of pipes simultaneously or successively but intermittently, substantially as described.

7. The combination with a hermeticallysealed fine-fuel furnace provided with a tortuous combustion-chamber and a contracted discharge-opening, of means for supplying a mixture of air and fuel to said furnace in a series of jets operating successively or simultaneously but intermittently, substantially as described.

8. The combination with a hermeticallysealed fine-fuel furnace, having a tortuous combustion-chamber and a contracted discharge-opening, of series of valved air and fuel supply pipes connected at intervals with said furnace, the valves in said pipes being adapted to operate successively or alternately but intermittently, substantiallyas described.

9. The combination with a hermeticallysealed fine-fuel furnace having a tortuous combustion-chamber and a contracted discharge-opening,0f an air-chest and a fuel-hop per respectively connected with the furnace at intervals, the supply of air and fuel being simultaneous through each connection, and all said connections operating simultaneously or successively but intermittently, substantially as described.

10. In a fine-fuel furnace, means for supplying a fluid fuel element thereto, said means comprising a series of pipes connecting said furnace with a source of supply, and a corresponding series of successively and intermittently operating valves for controlling the admission of said fluid fuel element to said pipes from said source of supply, substantially as described.

11. In a fine-fuel furnace, means for supplying a fluid fuel element thereto, said means comprising a series of pipes connecting said furnace with a source of supply, and a corresponding series of intermittently-operating valves for controlling the admission of said fluid fuel element from said source of supply to said pipes, said valves being arranged to operate either simultaneously or successively, all substantially as described.

12. The combination with a fine-fuel furnace,ofa fuel and air feeding mechanism comprising a fine-fuel hopper, a series of pipes connecting the same With the furnace, a corresponding series of-feed-chambers, a corresponding series of adjustable intermittentlyoperating valves controlling ports connecting said chambers with the hopper and with the pipes, a slide-valve for simultaneously controlling the ports leading from the hopper to the feed-chambers, and means for sup plying air in measured charges to the feedpipes, substantially as described.

13. The combination with a fine-fuel furnace, of a fuel and air feeding mechanism comprising a fine-fuel hopper, a series of pipes connecting the same with the furnace, a corresponding series of feed-chambers, a corresponding series of adjustable intermittently-operating valves controlling ports connecting said chambers with the hopper and with the pipes, a slide-valve for simultaneously controlling the ports leading from the hopper to the feed-chambers, an air-chest, a series of pipes corresponding in number with the fuel-pipes and connecting said chest with the furnace, and a series of adjustable intermittently-operating valves located in said chest and controlling the discharge-ports leading therefrom to the air-pipes, substantially as described.

14. The combination with a fine-fuel furnace, of a fuel and air feeding mechanism comprising a fine-fuel hopper, a series of pipes connecting the same with the furnace, a corresponding series of feed-chambers, a corresponding series of adjustable valves controlling ports connecting said chambers with the hopper and with the pipes, a slide-valve for simultaneously controlling the ports leading from the hopper to the feed-chambers, an airchest, a series of pipes corresponding in number with the fuel-pipes and connecting said chest with the furnace, a series of adjustable valves located in said chest and controlling the discharge-port leading therefrom to the air-pipes, and a slide-valve for controlling the ports leading from the air-chest to the air pipes, substantially as described.

15. The combination with a fine-fuel furnace, of a fuel and air feeding mechanism comprising a fine-fuel hopper, aseries of pipes connecting'the same with the furnace, a corresponding series of feed-chambers, a corresponding series of adjustable valves controlling ports connecting said chambers with the hopper and With the pipes, a slide-valve for simultaneously controlling the ports leading from the hopper to the feed-chambers, an

air-chest, a series of pipes corresponding in number with the fuel-pipes audc'onnecting said chest with the furnace, a series of ad- 3' ustable valves located 'in said'chest and controlling the discharge-port leading, therefrom to the air-pipes, a slide-valve for controlling" twyers therein, and means forsupplyingrap idly-succeeding intermittent and upwardlydirected blasts of fine fuel in suspensionlalternately through adjacent itwyers toazone of combustion in said combustion-chamber, substantiallyas described. it

18. In a fine-fuel furnace, thecombination with a combustion-chamber, of a twyer arranged adjacent to the bottom thereof to direct blasts of fuel in an upward direction to a zone of combustion in said. combustionchamber, and means for supplying rapidlysucceeding intermittent blasts of fine fuel in suspension, through said twyers to said zone of combustion, substantially as described. WILLIAM H. FENNER.

Witnesses:

M. E. SHIELDS, J. E. HALLENBEOK. 

